Rabu, 14 Oktober 2015

INTEGRITY

Group 2 :
1.      Dian Fihastuti
2.      John Adiguna
3.      Murny Wanti Situmorang
4.      Rachmalia Marlina
5.      Ratna Anggi Pratiwi
6.      Rhani Rachmanda

Integrity is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles, moral uprightness. It is generally a personal choice to uphold oneself to consistently moral and ethical standards.
In ethics, integrity is regarded by many people as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of one's actions. Integrity can stand in opposition to hypocrisy, in that judging with the standards of integrity involves regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs.
The word  integrity evolved from the Latin adjective integer, meaning whole or complete. In this context, integrity is the inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency of character. As such, one may judge that others "have integrity" to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold.
A value system's abstraction depth and range of applicable interaction may also function as significant factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation. A value system may evolve in a while, while retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies.
In ethics when discussing behavior and morality, an individual is said to possess the virtue of integrity if the individual's actions are based upon an internally consistent framework of principles. These principles should uniformly adhere to sound logical axioms or postulates. One can describe a person as having ethical integrity to the extent that the individual's actions, beliefs, methods, measures and principles all derive from a single core group of values. An individual must therefore be flexible and willing to adjust these values in order to maintain consistency when these values are challenged, such as when an expected test result fails to be congruent with all observed outcomes. Because such flexibility is a form of accountability, it is regarded as a moral responsibility as well as a virtue.
An individual's value system provides a framework within which the individual acts in ways which are consistent and expected. Integrity can be seen as the state or condition of having such a framework, and acting congruently within the given framework.
            One essential aspect of a consistent framework is its avoidance of any unwarranted (arbitrary) exceptions for a particular person or group — especially the person or group that holds the framework. In law, this principle of universal application requires that even those in positions of official power be subject to the same laws as pertain to their fellow citizens. In personal ethics, this principle requires that one should not act according to any rule that one would not wish to see universally followed.
            The concept of integrity implies a wholeness, a comprehensive corpus of beliefs, often referred to as a worldview. This concept of wholeness emphasizes honesty andauthenticity, requiring that one act at all times in accordance with the individual's chosen worldview.

Conclusion 
as an accountant who has the professional ethics, Integrity is an element of character that underlie the emergence of professional recognition. Integrity is the underlying quality of the public trust and is a benchmark for members in examining the decision.
Integrity requires a member to, being honest and forthright without sacrificing secret service recipients. Service and public confidence should not be defeated by personal gain. Integrity may receive an unintentional error and an honest difference of opinion, but does not accept the principle of cheating or negation.



Senin, 27 April 2015

QUESTION TAG

Question tag adalah pertanyaan pendek yang ditambahkan di akhir pernyataan (declarative sentence) untuk menanyakan informasi atau meminta.

1.      Negative Sentence, Positive Question Tag
·         Ahmad didn’t come late, did he?
(Ahmad tidak datang terlambat kan?)

·        The man isn’t stingy, is he?
(Pria tersebut tidak pelit kan?)

·         You haven’t finished your homework, have you?
(Kamu belum menyelesaikan PR-mu kan?)

·         They won’t attend the seminar, will they?
(Mereka tidak akan menghadiri seminar kan?)

2.      Positive Sentence, Negative Question Tag
·        Ahmad came late, didn’t he?
(Ahmad datang terlambat kan?)

·         The man is stingy, isn’t he?
(Pria tsb pelit kan?)

·         You have finished your homework, haven’t you?
(Kamu telah menyelesaikan PR-mu kan?)

·         They will attend the seminar, won’t they?
(Mereka akan menghadiri seminar kan?)

Sumber :

CAUSATIVE VERB

Causative Verb adalah kata kerja yang digunakan untuk memerintah orang lain. Memerintah orang lain biasanya menggunakan kata order/command (memerintahkan).
Tapi dalam causative verb menggunakan kata kerja Get yang umumnya diartikan mendapatkan, Have yang biasa diartikan memiliki/telah, dan Make yang biasa diartikan membuat.

1.      Active Sentence.
Masing-masing causative verb mempunyai grammarnya sendiri:

Have/Make
Rumus: Subject + Have/Has + Infinitive/V1.
Contoh:
My teacher make me do my home work
(guru saya memerintahkan saya untuk mengerjakan PR)
She has me come to her house right now.
(dia menyuruh saya untuk datang ke rumahnya sekarang juga)

Let
Rumus: Let + Objek + Infinitive/V1.
Contoh:
Never let her go, or you will regret forever.
(Jangan biarkan dia pergi atau kau akan menyesal selamanya).

Get
Rumus: Subject + Get + O + to Infinitive/V1.
Contoh:
I get you to like this explanation.
(aku menyuruhmu to meng-like penjelasan ini)

2.      Passive Sentence.
Rumus causative dalam bentuk passive rumusnya sama. Hanya let saja yang tidak memiliki bentuk passive.
Rumus: S + Have/Make/Get + O + V3.

Have
She has her car fixed
(dia menyuruh seseorang agar mobilnya diperbaiki).
I have the speaker loaded.
(aku minta speakernya dikeraskan).

Make
I make this house cleaned.
(saya minta (kepada seseorang) agar rumah ini dibersihkan).
Alfonso makes John killed.
(Alfonso menyuruh (seseorang) agar John dibunuh).

Get
Do you get your clothes washed?
(apakah kamu menyuruh bajumu dicuci).
Sandy gets her hair cut.
(Sandy minta agar rambutnya dipotong).

Sumber :

DETERMINER

Determiner adalah kata yang diletakkan di depan kata benda (noun) yang fungsinya adalah untuk menjelaskan kata benda (noun) tersebut.

Yang termasuk dalam kategori atau kelompok determiners adalah sebagai berikut:

1.      Articles (the, a, an)
·         I bought a novel yesterday
(Saya membeli sebuah novel kemarin)
·         She has a car
(Dia memiliki mobil)

2.      Demonstratives (this, that, these, those)
·         That house is mine.
(Rumah itu milik saya)
·         I'd like to buy those cakes.
(Saya mau membeli kue-kue itu)

3.      Possessives (my, your, his, her, its, our, their)
·         Her house is big.
(Rumahnya besar)
·         She is waiting for my husband.
(Dia sedang menunggu suami saya)

4.      Quantifiers (a few, a little, much, many, a lot of, most, some, any, enough, etc.)
·         I don't have much money.
(Saya tidak punya banyak uang)
·         She has a lot of books at home.
(Dia punya banyak buku di rumahnya)
5.      Numbers (one, ten, thirty, etc.)
·           I have one wife.
(Saya punya 1 istri)
·           She has three children.
(Dia punya tiga anak)

6.      Distributives (all, both, half, either, neither, each, every)
·           Both of my friends are smart
(Semua teman-temanku pintar)
·           Both of them are my student
(Mereka semua adalah muridku )

7.      Difference words (other, another)
·         She has another pen
(Dia punya pulpen yang lain)
·         There’s another opinion
(Ada pendapat yang lain)
8.      Question words (which, what, whose)
·         Which one is better ?
(Mana yang lebih baik ?)
·         Whose book is this ?
(Buku siapa ini ?)

Sumber :